Why Acne Appears (Etiology)
The disease occurs in women and men of different age groups and actively manifests during hormonal changes in adolescence. In addition to internal causes, diet also influences the development of acne. Outbreaks are most often provoked by sweets, pastries, dairy products, fast food, chocolate, french fries, sugary drinks, and foods with a high glycemic index.
These products stimulate sebum production, cause sugar level fluctuations, and enhance inflammatory processes, contributing to the formation of chronic acne, as well as the appearance of post-acne — scars, marks, stagnant spots, and hyperpigmentation.
Causes of Acne
- genetic predisposition;
- hormonal imbalances and endocrine pathologies;
- gastrointestinal diseases;
- immune system disorders;
- unhealthy diet (excessive sweets, fatty foods, fast food);
- stress and emotional overstrain;
- infestation with Demodex mites;
- use of unsuitable cosmetics or aggressive skincare.
These factors collectively increase sebum production, alter the skin microbiome, and create favorable conditions for the development of inflammation.
What Constitutes Acne
Acne is characterized by the presence of the following skin defects:
- Open Comedones. Blackheads in pores, appearing when the opening of the sebaceous glands is blocked by sebum, cosmetic residues, and dust. Comedones acquire their dark color upon contact with oxygen. They are localized on the nose, cheeks, chin, and forehead.
- Closed Comedones. Non-inflammatory bumps under the skin, whitish-flesh-colored, palpable.
- Milia (Whiteheads). Dense sebaceous gland cysts in the form of white grains (0.5–3 mm), most often in the T-zone of the face and on the eyelids.
- Papules. Dense nodules 1–3 mm in diameter without a pus head, developing from comedones.
- Pustules. Small inflamed formations with a white pus head, surrounded by redness. They can be painful.
- Nodules. Deep inflammatory infiltrates more than 5 mm in diameter, red or purplish in color. Painful to the touch and often leave scars.
- Purulent Capsules (Cysts). Deep inflammatory cavities with infiltrate, forming with prolonged absence of treatment.
Acne is not only a cosmetic problem but also a disease that can lead to scarring and persistent post-inflammatory pigmentation.
Post-Acne: Consequences of Inflammation
Post-acne refers to a complex of aesthetic defects that remain after the healing of inflamed lesions. These include:
- pigment spots;
- enlarged pores;
- scars and uneven skin texture;
- persistent redness and dullness of the skin.
Such changes require delicate and consistent skin restoration using professional cosmetology techniques.
Methods for Treating Acne and Post-Acne
At our clinic, we pay special attention to finding the true cause of acne. In most cases, the problem is related to diet, hormonal imbalance, or gastrointestinal dysfunctions. All these factors are determined during a consultation, where a cosmetologist conducts a detailed inquiry and diagnosis. Based on the information obtained, we create an individual treatment program tailored to the specific skin characteristics and overall body condition.
- Acne Cosmetologist Consultation — helps identify the causes of acne, assess skin condition, and select an accurate treatment plan. After diagnosis, we proceed to eliminate the consequences of the disease and restore skin quality.
- Acne Facial Cleansing — gently removes comedones, decongests pores, and improves overall skin condition. We avoid aggressive mechanical extractions and advise patients against them, as such procedures often exacerbate inflammation and do not address the root cause of acne.
- Chemical Peeling — exfoliates dead cells, evens out skin texture, and stimulates skin renewal.
- Plasmolifting (PRP) — activates regeneration, improves cellular processes, and reduces inflammatory manifestations.
- Mesotherapy — saturates the skin with vitamins, amino acids, and hyaluronic acid, ensuring restoration and improving microcirculation.
- Retinoids — prescribed for severe forms of acne. They can cause dryness, irritation, flaking, and skin sensitivity. They require strict specialist supervision. After discontinuing use, increased skin sensitivity, enhanced dryness, and the risk of inflammatory lesions returning are often observed due to the cessation of medicinal suppression of the disease.
Acne is a chronic skin condition which, without effective treatment, leaves behind scars, bumps, stagnant spots, and pigmentation in more than 50% of cases — these phenomena are called post-acne.
Post-Acne Treatment
The most effective methods for eliminating post-inflammatory marks are laser post-acne treatment, as well as peeling, RF-lifting, and mesotherapy procedures. Peels help to even out skin texture and tone by removing dead cells and stimulating epidermal renewal. RF-lifting acts on the deep layers of the skin, activating collagen and elastin production, which increases elasticity and reduces post-inflammatory scars. Mesotherapy saturates the skin with vitamins, amino acids, and hyaluronic acid, improving microcirculation and accelerating regeneration.
Treatment Stages
The stages of acne treatment at our clinic are based on a combination of effective techniques — peels, RF-lifting, and mesotherapy — which allow for gentle yet effective action on the skin to eliminate inflammatory manifestations, post-acne, and uneven texture.
- Skin Condition Diagnosis. The cosmetologist conducts a detailed examination, determines skin type, degree of inflammation, and severity of post-acne. This allows for the selection of an optimal combination of procedures.
- Skin Cleansing and Preparation. An atraumatic cleansing and a gentle chemical peel are performed to remove impurities, sebum, and dead cells. This improves skin respiration and enhances the effectiveness of subsequent stages.
- Peels. Acidic formulations are used to even out tone and texture, reduce inflammation, minimize pores, and renew cells. Peeling helps to lighten post-inflammatory spots and stimulate regeneration.
- Mesotherapy. Injection of individually selected cocktails with vitamins, amino acids, and hyaluronic acid. The procedure restores balance, hydration, and enhances metabolic processes, eliminating acne marks.
- RF-lifting. Radiofrequency waves act on the deep layers of the skin to stimulate collagen and elastin production. This helps to smooth micro-scars, increase elasticity, and improve skin texture.
- Home Care. Professional products with sebum-regulating, anti-inflammatory, and restorative components are selected to maintain results and prevent relapses.
